Authentication

The process of verifying that someone (or something) is who they claim to be when trying to access a system. In everyday terms, it's the login step - providing credentials like a password, a fingerprint, or a code to prove your identity.

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Common authentication factors include something you know (password/PIN), something you have (security token or phone app code), or something you are (biometrics like a fingerprint or face scan).

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Strong authentication is critical for SMBs; it ensures that even if a hacker knows someone's username, they can't get in without the verified credentials. Authentication answers the question: "Are you really Alice?" before letting Alice access resources.